Determine Ability Scores

Character features are tied to six different numbers called ability scores. These scores represent your various physical and mental capabilities. The six scores are:

To determine your starting ability scores, roll four d6s, add up the highest 3 (discarding the low die) to get your total, then write it down. Do this five more times until you have six totals between 3 and 18. Assign those six numbers to the ability scores you choose. Add 2 to one score of your choice that is 16 or below and add 1 to one score of your choice that is 17 or below, and you’re done!

Higher numbers mean better odds for your character with that ability. As you level up, you will have opportunities to increase these scores, but a PC can never have an ability score higher than 20. An average person has 10 in every ability score—so these numbers emphasize how uniquely powerful adventurers are!

Once your scores are assigned, use the following charts to figure out your ability score modifiers. Your ability modifiers are the most important part of your ability scores and will be used almost exclusively to calculate your character abilities (as opposed to your full ability score).

Player Advice: Whenever you see a particular ability score referenced in the rules, assume it means ability score modifier. For example, a feature that reads “. . . roll and add your STR,” means add your Strength ability modifier, not your full Strength ability score.

Ability Modifiers

Ability Score Modifier
1 -5
2-3 -4
4-5 -3
6-7 -2
8-9 -1
10-11 0
12-13 +1
14-15 +2
16-17 +3
18-19 +4
20 +5

Alternate Starting Scores

If you don’t want to use the starting scores listed above, there are a couple of alternative methods you can use to determine your scores.

Point-Buy

You can assign your starting scores with the point-buy method. Here are the rules to use if you choose to do so:

Point-Buy Score Cost

Score cost
8 0
9 1
10 2
11 3
12 4
13 5
14 7
15 9
16 11
17 13
18 16

Standard Array

You can assign your starting scores with the standard-array method. Here are the rules to use if you choose to do so:

Player Advice: Remember, each character class includes suggestions of the most useful way to assign your ability scores if you want to maximize the effectiveness of your class features.